The development of newborns and infants is an incredibly fascinating process. While they may seem like tiny bundles of joy, they are actually little bundles of learning— even in the first few weeks. One particular area of development to pay attention to is reflexes. Reflexes are an automatic response from the body within milliseconds that can make a huge difference in how your baby interacts with its environment. In this article, we will take a look at some of the most common reflexes found in newborn babies and infants, as well as what it means for their development.
What are reflexes?
Reflexes are involuntary, automatic movements that occur in response to a stimulus. They help protect the body and maintain homeostasis. Babies are born with a few reflexes, and they develop more as they grow. The most common reflexes in newborns and infants are the rooting reflex, the sucking reflex, the moro reflex, and the tonic neck reflex. The rooting reflex helps babies find food. When something touches the baby's cheek, he or she will turn their head and open their mouth to latch on. The sucking reflex is what helps babies eat. When something enters the baby's mouth, they will automatically start to suck. The moro reflex is also known as the startle reflex. It helps babies protect themselves from falling or being hurt. When a baby feels like they are falling, they will extend their arms and legs out and cry. The tonic neck reflex is also known as the fencing posture reflex. It happens when a baby's head is turned to one side. The arm on that side will extend out straight while the opposite arm bends at the elbow with the hand close to the face
How do reflexes develop?
As newborn babies enter the world, they are bombarded with new sights, sounds, smells, and textures. Their nervous system is working hard to make sense of all the stimuli and protect them from harm. One way the nervous system does this is by developing reflexes. Reflexes are involuntary responses to stimuli that help protect the body. They originate in the brainstem and spinal cord and are then transmitted to the muscles. As babies grow and their nervous system matures, they gradually lose their primitive reflexes and develop more complex ones. The most common primitive reflexes are the rooting reflex, sucking reflex, grasping reflex, stepping reflex, and startle reflex. These reflexes help babies feed, cling to their caregivers, and avoid dangerous situations. Most of these reflexes disappear within the first few months of life as babies learn to control their muscles and respond to their environment in more intentional ways.
What is the difference between primitive and newborn reflexes?
Primitive reflexes are those that are present at birth and generally disappear within the first few months of life. They are involuntary, reflexive responses to certain stimuli. Newborn reflexes help your baby adapt to life outside the womb and protect them from harm. There are six primitive reflexes: the rooting reflex, the sucking reflex, the tonic neck reflex, the grasp reflex, the startle reflex, and the stepping reflex. The rooting and sucking reflexes help your baby eat; the tonic neck and grasp Reflexes help with posture and head control; the startle reflex protects your baby from loud noises; and the stepping reflex helps your baby learn to walk. Newborn babies also have a number of other reflexes that aren’t considered primitive, including: • Babinski’s sign (stroking the bottom of the foot causes toes to fan out) • The Moro Reflex (startling causes baby to throw his arms out and cry) • The Palmomental Reflex (rubbing palm causes chin to twitch) These newborn/infantile reflexes should go away by 4-6 months old. If they don’t, it could be a sign of a neurological disorder.
Moro, grasp, Babinski, rooting
The Moro reflex is a startle reflex that is elicited when an infant is suddenly startled, resulting in the infant throwing their arms out to the side and then bringing them back in towards their body. The grasp reflex is elicited when an object touches an infant's palm, causing the infant to close their hand around the object. The Babinski reflex is elicited when the sole of an infant's foot is stimulated, causing the infant to fan out their toes. The rooting reflex is elicited when an object touches an infant's cheek, causing the infant to turn their head towards the object and open their mouth.
How long do infant reflexes last?
Most reflexes disappear between 2 and 4 months as your baby’s nervous system matures. The sucking reflex, for example, is usually gone by about 4 months. The grasp reflex usually goes away by 6 months. The rooting and stepping reflexes help your baby feed and get around in the early weeks and months. The rooting reflex helps your baby turn his or her head to find the nipple when you touch his or her cheek. This reflex starts to fade at around 4 weeks old. The stepping reflex helps your baby stand with support and move his or her feet as if walking when you hold him or her upright with the soles of the feet touching a hard surface. This reflex is present at birth, but fades by 4 to 6 months old.
When should you be concerned about your baby's reflexes?
If you are concerned about your baby's reflexes, there are a few things that you can look for. First, if your baby does not have the Moro reflex, this may be cause for concern. The Moro reflex is when a baby startsle in response to a loud noise or sudden movement. If your baby does not have this reflex, it may be an indication of a neurological disorder. Secondly, if your baby does not have the rooting reflex, this may also be cause for concern. The rooting reflex is when a baby turns its head and opens its mouth in response to being touched on the cheek. This reflex helps babies to breastfeed. Lastly, if your baby does not have the sucking reflex, this may be cause for concern as well. The sucking reflex is when a baby begins to suck in response to something touching its lips. If your baby does not have this reflex, it may be difficult for them to breastfeed or eat from a bottle.
Conclusion
Reflexes are an important part of infant development and they can provide insight into a baby’s overall health. It is essential that parents pay attention to their newborn’s reflexes in order to ensure that everything is developing as expected. If you notice any abnormalities or deviations from the standard reflexes, it may be worth discussing this with your pediatrician just to make sure there isn’t something more serious going on. With proper care and monitoring, infants should continue growing and developing normally with no major hiccups along the way!